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Phylogenetic Groups made EASY | Monophyly, Paraphyly, and Polyphyly Explained

Monophyletic groups, paraphyletic groups, and polyphyletic groups are a rite of passage for many students. Learning how to identify each of these groups on an evolutionary tree is critical for understanding concepts like speciation, systematics, and evolutionary biology! This video also breaks down what each of those groupings mean, and how we can use them for our studies. My Phylogenetics Course - https://learnadv.com/product/reading-... 00:00 - Introduction 00:28 - Recap: Ancestors and Descendants 01:44 - How to find Descendants? 03:04 - How to find Monophyletic Groups? 03:48 - What are Monophyletic Groups Biologically? 06:48 - How to find Paraphyletic Groups? 07:44 - Why are Paraphyletic Groups Useful? Birds are Reptiles 13:16 - How to find Polyphyletic Groups? 14:47 - How are Polyphyletic Groups Useful for Evolutionary Biology? 17:30 - How are Polyphyletic Groups Useful for Ecology? 19:43 - BONUS: Are These Tips Paraphyletic? 22:37 - My Phylogenetics Course