Pigmentary disorder @ Dermatology# Vitiligo / Becker nevus# Ini cet скачать в хорошем качестве

Pigmentary disorder @ Dermatology# Vitiligo / Becker nevus# Ini cet

Pigmentary Disorders – Dermatology Notes (NEET PG) 1. Basics of Skin Pigmentation • Melanin produced by melanocytes in basal layer • Tyrosine → (Tyrosinase) → DOPA → Melanin • Number of melanocytes same in all races; activity differs 2. Hypopigmented Disorders Vitiligo • Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes • Milky white depigmented macules, symmetrical • Wood’s lamp: bright white accentuation • Tx: Topical steroids, Tacrolimus, NB■UVB Pityriasis alba • Ill■defined hypopigmented patches in children • Associated with atopy, mild scaling • Tx: Emollients, mild steroid Leprosy (hypopigmented anesthetic patch) • Sensory loss + nerve thickening 3. Hyperpigmented Disorders Melasma • Brown patches on malar area, forehead, upper lip • Trigger: Pregnancy, OCPs, sun exposure • Tx: Sunscreen + Hydroquinone + Tretinoin + Steroid (triple therapy) Post■inflammatory hyperpigmentation • After acne, dermatitis, injury • More common in dark skin Freckles (Ephelides) • Sun■induced small brown macules • Increase with sun exposure 4. Genetic Pigmentary Disorders Piebaldism – congenital depigmented patches + white forelock Albinism – ↓/absent melanin, eye involvement, photosensitivity Neurofibromatosis – Café■au■lait macules 5. Important NEET PG Points • Vitiligo = autoimmune + depigmented (not hypopigmented) • Melasma = most common facial hyperpigmentation in women • Wood’s lamp used for pigment evaluation • NB■UVB = treatment of choice for generalized vitiligo