Carnitine & Its Deficiency | Simplified Biochemistry Lecture скачать в хорошем качестве

Carnitine & Its Deficiency | Simplified Biochemistry Lecture

Carnitine metabolism and its deficiency explained in a simple and clinical way! This high-yield Biochemistry lecture covers carnitine synthesis, transport, deficiency, and its role in beta-oxidation with exam-oriented clinical correlations. 📘 Perfect for: MBBS, BDS, Nursing, NEET PG, and paramedical students ➡️ PDF Notes: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1spv6... ➡️ Lipid Metabolism Playlist:    • Lipid Metabolism | Fat Metabolism   ➡️ Previous video in this playlist:    • Beta Oxidation Defects Simplified | MCAD &...   ➡️ Next video in this playlist: [Coming soon] ⏱️ Timestamps 0:00 – Introduction to Carnitine 02:58 – Causes of Carnitine Deficiency 06:35 – Clinical Features 07:54 – Treatment & Dietary Management 08:12 – Carnitine as a Nutritional Supplement In this video, we discuss carnitine metabolism in detail, focusing on its essential role in the transport of long-chain and very long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for beta-oxidation and ATP production. Carnitine is obtained from two major sources — endogenous synthesis in the liver and kidneys from trimethyl lysine and methionine (a vitamin C–dependent process), and dietary sources, mainly red meat and dairy products. Once synthesized or absorbed, carnitine circulates in the blood plasma and enters cells via a specific membrane transporter called OCTN2 (Organic Cation Transporter Novel-2). This mechanism is especially important for tissues like skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, which cannot synthesize carnitine but store nearly 97% of total body carnitine due to their high energy demand. The video also explains renal handling of carnitine, where it is freely filtered in the glomerulus and almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule via OCTN2, resulting in minimal urinary loss under normal conditions. A major focus is on carnitine deficiency, classified into secondary and primary types. Secondary causes include prematurity, chronic liver disease, dietary deficiency during growth and pregnancy, drugs like valproic acid, Fanconi syndrome, hemodialysis, and defects in beta-oxidation leading to increased acyl-carnitine formation. Primary carnitine deficiency is a rare genetic disorder due to OCTN2 transporter defect, causing low intracellular and plasma carnitine levels. Clinically, carnitine deficiency leads to impaired beta-oxidation, resulting in non-ketotic hypoglycemia, vomiting, fatty liver, lipid accumulation, and muscle weakness. Treatment includes oral carnitine supplementation, a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet, use of medium-chain fatty acids, and avoidance of fasting. This lecture is highly useful for MBBS, BDS, Nursing, and NEET PG aspirants, with strong integration of biochemistry, metabolism, and clinical relevance. Join the Awesome Biochemistry family! Subscribe for weekly High-Yield MBBS, BDS, and NEET PG Biochemistry lectures. #AwesomeBiochemistry #MBBSBiochemistry #Carnitine #BetaOxidation #MedicalEducation #NEETPG #BiochemistryLecture #MedicalStudent #BDSBiochemistry Disclaimer: This video is for educational purposes only. Always refer to your official curriculum and faculty for final exam preparation. The content is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.