Realtime confirmation of Th-232 in radioactive camera-lens using a Radiacode-103 and PC-software. скачать в хорошем качестве

Realtime confirmation of Th-232 in radioactive camera-lens using a Radiacode-103 and PC-software.

Realtime confirmation of Thorium-232 in radioactive camera-lens using a Radiacode-103 and PC-software. Lens is from Asahi Optical Co., Ltd. Japan. Detectors used are a Geiger–Müller tube & a scintillation detector. This video is not sponsored and if there are ads on it they are not mine! From https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionu... : Thorium-232 Type of Radiation Emitted: Alpha Particles & weak Gamma Rays. Half-life: 14 billion years. Thorium is used to make ceramics, welding rods, camera and telescope lenses, fire brick, heat resistant paint and metals used in the aerospace industry, as well as in nuclear reactions. Thorium has the potential to be used as a fuel for generating nuclear energy. Since thorium is naturally present in the environment, people are exposed to tiny amounts in air, food and water. The amounts are usually very small and pose little health hazard. Most people are not exposed to dangerous levels of thorium. However, people who live near thorium mining areas or near certain legacy industrial facilities may have increased exposure to thorium. Occasionally, household items may be found with thorium in them, such as some older ceramic wares in which uranium and thorium were used in the glaze. These generally do not pose serious health risks, but may nevertheless be retired from use as a prudent avoidance measure. If inhaled as dust, some thorium may remain in the lungs for long periods of time, depending on the chemical form. If ingested, thorium typically leaves the body through feces and urine within several days. The small amount of thorium left in the body will enter the bloodstream and be deposited in the bones where it may remain for many years. Inhaling thorium dust may cause an increased risk of developing lung or bone cancer. Natural thorium is present in trace quantities in virtually all rock, soil, water, plants and animals. Where higher concentrations occur in rock or sands, thorium may be mined and refined, producing waste products such as mill tailings. If not properly controlled, wind and water can introduce the tailings into the wider environment. Commercial and federal facilities that have processed thorium may also have released thorium to the air, water or soil. Man-made thorium isotopes are rare, and almost never enter the environment. Alpha particles (α) are positively charged and made up of two protons and two neutrons from the atom’s nucleus. Alpha particles come from the decay of the heaviest radioactive elements, such as uranium, radium and polonium. Even though alpha particles are very energetic, they are so heavy that they use up their energy over short distances and are unable to travel very far from the atom. The health effect from exposure to alpha particles depends greatly on how a person is exposed. Alpha particles lack the energy to penetrate even the outer layer of skin, so exposure to the outside of the body is not a major concern. Inside the body, however, they can be very harmful. If alpha-emitters are inhaled, swallowed, or get into the body through a cut, the alpha particles can damage sensitive living tissue. The way these large, heavy particles cause damage makes them more dangerous than other types of radiation. The ionizations they cause are very close together - they can release all their energy in a few cells. This results in more severe damage to cells and DNA. Gamma rays (γ) are weightless packets of energy called photons. Unlike alpha and beta particles, which have both energy and mass, gamma rays are pure energy. Gamma rays are similar to visible light, but have much higher energy. Gamma rays are often emitted along with alpha or beta particles during radioactive decay. Gamma rays are a radiation hazard for the entire body. They can easily penetrate barriers that can stop alpha and beta particles, such as skin and clothing. Gamma rays have so much penetrating power that several inches of a dense material like lead, or even a few feet of concrete may be required to stop them. Gamma rays can pass completely through the human body; as they pass through, they can cause ionizations that damage tissue and DNA.