Common 💪Oesophageal❤️ Disorders🙏 Explained 🌹Simply скачать в хорошем качестве

Common 💪Oesophageal❤️ Disorders🙏 Explained 🌹Simply

Disorders of the Oesophagus – Detailed Description Introduction The oesophagus is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. It plays a vital role in the digestive system by transporting food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach through coordinated muscular contractions known as peristalsis. Although it appears to be a simple passage, the oesophagus performs complex physiological functions involving neural control, sphincter regulation, and mucosal protection. Disorders of the oesophagus occur when there is impairment in its structure, motility, or protective mechanisms. These disorders can lead to symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, regurgitation, heartburn, or even malnutrition. Oesophageal diseases range from mild inflammatory conditions to severe motility disorders and malignancies. Understanding these disorders is essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of complications. Anatomy and Function of the Oesophagus The oesophagus is approximately 25 cm long in adults and is divided into three parts: Cervical Oesophagus – Located in the neck region Thoracic Oesophagus – Passes through the chest Abdominal Oesophagus – Short segment entering the stomach Layers of the Oesophageal Wall The oesophageal wall consists of four layers: Mucosa – Inner protective lining Submucosa – Contains glands and blood vessels Muscularis propria – Responsible for peristalsis Adventitia – Outer connective tissue layer Sphincters of the Oesophagus Upper Oesophageal Sphincter (UES): Prevents air entry during breathing Lower Oesophageal Sphincter (LES): Prevents reflux of stomach acid Proper functioning of these sphincters is essential. Dysfunction leads to many oesophageal disorders. Classification of Oesophageal Disorders Oesophageal disorders can be broadly classified into: Inflammatory Disorders Motility Disorders Structural Disorders Infectious Disorders Neoplastic Disorders (Tumors) Functional Disorders 1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Definition GERD is a chronic condition in which stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus due to weakness of the lower oesophageal sphincter. Causes Weak LES tone Obesity Pregnancy Smoking Fatty or spicy foods Hiatal hernia Symptoms Heartburn (burning chest pain) Acid regurgitation Sour taste in mouth Chronic cough Difficulty swallowing Complications If untreated, GERD can lead to: Oesophagitis Ulcers Barrett’s oesophagus Stricture formation Management Lifestyle changes (diet modification, weight reduction) Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) Avoid lying down after meals 2. Oesophagitis Oesophagitis refers to inflammation of the oesophageal lining. Types a. Reflux Oesophagitis Caused by prolonged acid exposure from GERD. b. Infectious Oesophagitis Common in immunocompromised individuals. c. Drug-Induced Oesophagitis Certain medications irritate the mucosa if taken without enough water. d. Eosinophilic Oesophagitis An allergic inflammatory condition seen in younger individuals. Symptoms Painful swallowing (odynophagia) Chest discomfort Food impaction Fever (in infections) Treatment Treat underlying cause Acid suppression therapy Dietary elimination (in allergic cases) 3. Achalasia Cardia Definition Achalasia is a motility disorder in which the lower oesophageal sphincter fails to relax, leading to difficulty in food passage. Pathophysiology There is degeneration of nerve cells controlling peristalsis, resulting in: Loss of oesophageal movement Persistent LES contraction Symptoms Progressive dysphagia (for solids and liquids) Regurgitation of undigested food Weight loss Chest pain Diagnosis Barium swallow test Manometry (gold standard) Treatment Balloon dilation Surgical myotomy Botulinum toxin injection 📚 Educational Hashtags #DisordersOfOesophagus #Oesophagus #GITSystem #Gastrointestinal #MedicalEducation #AnatomyPhysiology #PathologyStudy #DigestiveSystem #MedicalNotes #HealthScience 🩺 Clinical / Disease-Based Hashtags #GERD #AcidReflux #Dysphagia #Esophagitis #Achalasia #BarrettsEsophagus #SwallowingDisorders #GIDisorders #ClinicalMedicine 🎓 Exam Preparation Hashtags #NEETStudy #NursingExam #Paramedical #MedicalStudents #ExamPreparation #StudyMedicine #ConceptLearning #LastMinuteRevision 🎥 YouTube / Lecture Hashtags #MedicalLecture #StudyWithMe #EasyLearning #EducationChannel #MedicalConcepts #FutureDoctor #OnlineLearning #LectureSeries If you need SEO hashtags for more reach or short-video hashtags, tell me 👍.