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Diet and Gut Microbiome in ME/CFS

Dr Catherine Wall, a specialist dietitian, talks with us about the influence of nutrition and diet on the diversity of our gut microbiota. Presentation for MECFS Canterbury, 13th March 2024. The gut microbiota are very important. They are essential for extracting energy from food, producing essential vitamins, regulating our immune system, regulating our metabolism, plus more. Research indicates that people with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis /Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) have differences in their gut microbiota when compared to healthy controls. It is not known at this stage if this difference is a cause of ME/CFS or a result. Treatments for ME/CFS to change the microbiome and improve Short Chain Fatty Acid production are currently being studied. ____________________________ ABOUT DR CATHERINE WALL: Catherine is a registered dietitian with a PhD in nutritional therapy for Crohn’s disease from the University of Otago. She has a broad range of clinical experience including diabetes, intensive care, older persons’ health and gut health. Catherine has 20 years of experience as a dietitian working in New Zealand, UAE, and UK. Since 2013, Catherine has specialised in nutrition and dietary management of inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis) and is founder of Gut Nutrition. She is also a research fellow at University of Otago Christchurch and Expert Inflammatory Bowel Disease dietitian at Christchurch Hospital. For more info: https://www.gutnutrition.co.nz/ https://www.otago.ac.nz/christchurch/... ____________________________ ADDITIONAL RESOURCES: ✦ Timestamped slide list further below ✦ Pdf of the slide deck - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GOHb... ✦ Referenced research papers: Bosma et al. (2020) '...Dietary Fibre Intake...', http://hdl.handle.net/10523/12746 Nishijima et al. (2016) DNA Research, 'The gut microbiome of healthy Japanese and its... uniqueness https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw002 Wang et al. (2024) Euro J Med Res, Clinical evidence of the link between gut microbiome and ME/CFS: a retrospective review https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40001-024-... Weigel et al. (2021) Food Nutr Res, '...nutritional intake and supplement use in Australians with ME/CFS...' https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v65.5730 Armstrong et al. (2021) Frontiers in Paediatrics, https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.0069... ____________________________ CONTENT /SLIDE LIST: 00:00 Introduction to Dr Wall's experience in gut health 01:58 Introduction to todays talk on Diet and Gut Microbiome in ME/CFS . 03:06 OVERVIEW of the GUT MICROBIOME 03:06 Gut Microbiota (the bugs and other microbes) 05:31 Gut Microbiome (the genes) and Metabolome (the outputs) 06:31 Gut Metabolome – diet can have a big impact 08:45 What is a “healthy” gut microbiome? 11:37 Gut microbiota diversity Helped by high variety and similar abundance of diverse fruit and vegetables over the seasons. 13:56 Gut microbiota diversity – Gut Dysbiosis . 15:22 GUT MICROBIOME in ME/CFS 17:14 Gut Microbiome Diversity in ME/CFS 20:15 Gut Microbiome Metabolites in ME/CFS 22:48 Microbiome in ME/CFS Conclusions . 24:17 DIETARY INTAKE in ME/CFS 24:28 Dietary intake and Supplement Use 26:18 Dietary intake – Food types . 29:20 DIET AND GUT MICROBIOME 29:20 Dietary intake and Gut Microbiome 31:25 What is a diverse diet? Varied sources of dietary fibre from plant foods 33:59 Diet and microbiome diversity. Different dietary fibres have different impacts on gut microbiome . 35:09 TIPS TO POTENTIALLY PROMOTE VARIED GUT MICROBIOME Aim to increase dietary diversity of plant foods – within a food group and between food groups. Some foods may promote more gut symptoms. Long term avoidance of foods is not recommended – may exacerbate dysbiosis. Small amounts of many different foods = less gut symptoms. Pacing strategies, meal and snack planning very helpful. . 40:04 A Diverse Diet – What does it look like? . 41:18 QUESTIONS 41:50 Bedridden, living alone and not able to prepare food – organic super greens and reds powder made a difference. Better than frozen berries which may have sprays? 47:05 Is there a need to buy probiotic and prebiotic drinks? 49:12 Carbohydrate vs low fat diets – what is recommended for diabetics now? 51:53 Most foods that are healthy seem to be expensive. When on a FODMAP diet what do you suggest to keep cost down? Cook in bulk when energy allows. Frozen and canned foods have high food value. Use naturally gluten free grains. 56:44 A research paper suggested people with ME had lower intake of B12. B12 comes from animal products. Grain foods are often fortified with it. Consider supplements or marmite. 58:16 Catherine’s current research is investigating whether there is enough B vitamins in the system to produce energy and are the processes in the cells working well with what is present? 59:00 Thank you