Acute and Chronic Renal Diseases скачать в хорошем качестве

Acute and Chronic Renal Diseases

This lecture outlines the clinical framework for identifying and classifying renal diseases, emphasizing that these conditions are often asymptomatic until their advanced stages. The text differentiates between acute kidney injury (AKI), which involves a rapid and potentially reversible loss of function, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined by permanent structural or functional damage lasting over three months. Medical professionals utilize standardized diagnostic tools like the RIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO criteria to stage these disorders based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urine output. The presentation details various etiologies, ranging from systemic hypertension and diabetes to localized toxic or infectious triggers. Ultimately, the source serves as a guide for using laboratory biomarkers, such as serum creatinine and urea, to monitor disease progression and manage potential multi-organ complications. Significant focus is placed on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of renal failure, highlighting how early detection is vital to reducing global mortality rates.